Receivers

All NOEMA antennas are equipped with 2SB receivers, providing low noise performance and excellent long-term stability. The receivers provide two orthogonal linear polarizations in all three bands. Each of the two polarizations delivers a bandwidth of 7.744 GHz in the lower sideband (LSB) and upper sideband (USB) simultaneously. The sky frequency ranges that can be covered in each band and further characteristics are given in Table . Receiver tuning will preferentially be done on a fixed frequency grid of 500 MHz step width, on which the receiver performance is optimized (see Sect.  for more details).

Table: Receiver specifications.

	Band 1	Band 2	Band 3
$\rm F_{LO1}$ range/[GHz]$^\star$	82.000–108.256	138.616–171.256	207.744–264.384
$\rm F_{sky}$ range/[GHz]$^\star$	70.384–119.872	127.000–182.872	196.128–276.000
$\rm T_{rec}$/[K]$^{\star\star}$	25–45	35–55	40–70
$\rm G_{im}$/[dB]	-15-...-10	-15...-10	-15 ... -10

$^\star$ Guaranteed LO1 frequency ranges per offered band. The LO1 frequency is the center frequency between the USB and LSB that can both be simultaneously observed in one tuning (see Fig ). The center frequency of the USB (LSB) is separated by $+$($-$)7.744 GHz from the LO1 frequency. With an effective width of 7.744 GHz per sideband the lowest and highest sky frequencies that can be covered per tuning are therefore $\rm F_{sky}$= $\rm F_{LO1}\pm$11.616 GHz. The lowest and highest LO1 frequencies per band define the $\rm F_{sky}$ ranges that are currently guaranteed.
$^{\star\star}$ for LSB and USB.