Quantization efficiency

The Analog-to-Digical-Converter (ADC) will quantize the analog signal on a finite number of bits. This can be seen as an additional source of noise that is modeled as a spectrometer efficiency ( \ensuremath{\eta_\ensuremath{\mathrm{spec}}}) and Eq. [*] becomes

  $\displaystyle \ensuremath{\sigma_\ensuremath{\mathrm{K}}} = \frac{\ensuremath{T...
...}\,\sqrt{2\,\ensuremath{d\nu}\,\ensuremath{\Delta t_\ensuremath{\mathrm{}}}}}.
$ (3)